Relationship Between Illness Representations and Symptoms of Internet Gaming Disorder Among Young People: Cross-Lagged Model

Dec 1, 2021JMIR serious games

How Young People’s Views of Their Illness Relate to Symptoms of Internet Gaming Disorder Over Time

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Abstract

10.1% of college students were classified as having probable internet gaming disorder at baseline.

A significant correlation exists between certain illness perceptions (consequence, timeline, personal control, treatment control, and concern) at baseline and symptoms of internet gaming disorder one year later.
Symptoms of internet gaming disorder at baseline are associated with negative illness representations at follow-up.
More severe symptoms of internet gaming disorder are linked to more pessimistic views about the disorder.
Negative cognitive perceptions may influence emotional responses and behavioral reactions, such as increased depression and lower self-control intention.

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BACKGROUND: The common-sense model of illness suggests that mental representations of health threats may affect one's behavioral reactions to them and health status. Internet gaming disorder is a newly defined mental disorder. Illness representations of internet gaming disorder may affect one's risk of internet gaming disorder. In turn, symptoms of internet gaming disorder may affect one's perceptions of the disorder.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationships between illness representations and symptoms of internet gaming disorder in college students.

METHODS: A 1-year longitudinal study was conducted with a convenience sample of Chinese college students (n=591; 342/591, 57.9% female).

RESULTS: Of the participants, 10.1% (60/591) and 9.1% (54/591) were classified as having probable internet gaming disorder at baseline (T1) and follow-up (T2), respectively. The correlations between some dimensions of illness representations regarding internet gaming disorder (ie, consequence, timeline, personal control, treatment control, and concern) at T1 and symptoms of internet gaming disorder at T2 and between symptoms of internet gaming disorder at T1 and the dimensions of illness representations at T2 (ie, consequence, timeline, personal control, and emotional response) were statistically significant. The cross-lagged model fit the data well ((χ/df=2.28, comparative fit index=.95, root mean square error of approximation=.06) and showed that internet gaming disorder at T1 was positively associated with unfavorable illness representations at T2. 2

CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with more severe symptoms of internet gaming disorder had more pessimistic perceptions about the disorder. Such cognitive perceptions may affect one's emotional and behavioral reactions towards the disorder (eg, greater levels of depression and low self-control intention) and should be modified by educational programs and psychological interventions.

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Relationship Between Illness Representations and Symptoms of Internet Gaming Disorder Among Young People: Cross-Lagged Model

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