Immunosenescence, inflammaging, and cancer immunotherapy efficacy

Immunosenescence and inflammaging may affect the efficacy of anti-cancer immunotherapy in older patients.

• Aging is associated with a decrease in the immune system's ability to respond effectively due to immunosenescence.
• Higher levels of differentiated T cells and lower levels of naive T cells are observed with advancing age.
• The incidence and prevalence of cancers increase with age, potentially due to decreased immunosurveillance.
• Inflammaging contributes to a low-grade proinflammatory state characterized by elevated inflammatory mediators.
• Current T-cell targeted therapies, including bispecific T cell engagers and CAR-T cells, may be influenced by the aging immune system.
• Further research on immunosenescence biomarkers is needed to develop safer and more effective therapies.

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