DiabetesOct 16, 2026

Incretin hormones influence the increase of neutrophils around meal times

GLP-1 Therapies Weekly Brief ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Updated Oct 17, 2026

Abstract

Feeding rapidly induced periprandial neutrophilia.

High-fat diet (HFD) accelerated the neutrophil response during feeding.
Periprandial states may regulate neutrophil dynamics.
The glucagon-like peptide 1 and insulin axis is involved in modulating the neutrophil surge.
The periprandial state prepares the body for endotoxin exposure.
Nutrient intake is linked to incretin-sensitive immunity and inflammation levels.

Simplified

We determine how innate immunity adapts to transitions between fasting and feeding. Feeding rapidly induced periprandial neutrophilia. HFD accelerated this reponse. We therefore sought to examine whether periprandial states regulate neutrophil dynamics. We identified that the glucagon-like peptide 1 and insulin axis modulates the neutrophil surge, which is critical during endotoxin challenges. The periprandial state prepares the host for endotoxemia. We bridge nutrient intake and incretin-sensitive immunity to inflammatory tone, redefining postprandial inflammation, insulin resistance, and cardiometabolic risk in diabetes.

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Incretin hormones influence the increase of neutrophils around meal times

Abstract

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