Insomnia Associated With Increased Risk of Atopic Dermatitis: A Two‐Sample Mendelian Randomization Study

May 5, 2025Brain and behavior

Insomnia linked to higher risk of eczema: A genetic study

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Abstract

Genetically predicted insomnia is associated with a 79% higher risk of atopic dermatitis.

Insomnia is linked to an increased risk of atopic dermatitis with an odds ratio of 1.79.
Preferring an evening chronotype is associated with a lower risk of allergic rhinitis, indicated by an odds ratio of 0.99.
A significant genetic correlation exists between insomnia and atopic dermatitis, with a correlation coefficient of 0.107.
No significant genetic correlation was found between chronotype and allergic rhinitis.
No significant connections were identified between other sleep traits and allergic diseases.

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BACKGROUND: The causal relationships between sleep traits and allergic diseases remain unclear. This study sought to explore their causal associations using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

METHODS: This study utilized summary-level data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and selected genetic variants associated with sleep traits as instrumental variables (IVs). For the primary analysis, the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was utilized. To further evaluate causal effects, we applied weighted median, weighted mode, and MR-Egger regression. Sensitivity analyses, such as linkage disequilibrium score (LDSC) regression, MR-Egger regression, Cochran's Q test, leave-one-out analysis, and MR-PRESSO, were carried out to confirm result robustness.

RESULTS: IVW analysis revealed that genetically predicted insomnia was causally associated with a higher risk of atopic dermatitis (OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.17-2.74, P = 0.01), and preferring an evening chronotype was causally associated with a lower risk of allergic rhinitis (IVW: OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.99-1.00, P = 0.02). The LDSC analysis further identified a significant genetic correlation between insomnia and atopic dermatitis (r= 0.107, P = 0.039), but not between chronotype and allergic rhinitis (r= -0.036, P = 0.339). No significant connections were identified between other sleep traits and allergic diseases. The MR-Egger intercept test did not indicate pleiotropy, except for the association with allergic asthma. g g

CONCLUSION: Chronotype and insomnia were causally associated with the efficacy of sleep-based interventions in allergic disease management.

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Insomnia Associated With Increased Risk of Atopic Dermatitis: A Two‐Sample Mendelian Randomization Study

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