Insulin resistance, β-cell function, and glucose tolerance in Brazilian adolescents with obesity or risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Mar 3, 2007Journal of diabetes and its complications

Insulin resistance, insulin-producing cell function, and blood sugar control in Brazilian teens with obesity or risk factors for type 2 diabetes

AI simplified

Circadian Biology on OpenScience ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Abstract

Fasting insulin levels were higher in adolescents with two or more risk factors for type 2 diabetes compared to those with fewer risk factors.

Adolescents with two or more risk factors had elevated fasting insulin levels (13.0 vs. 7.6 microIU/ml).
Two-hour insulin levels were also significantly higher in the group with more risk factors (60.2 vs. 38.3 microIU/ml).
Beta-cell function, measured by HOMA-B, was greater in adolescents with multiple risk factors (169.1% vs. 106.1%).
Insulin resistance, indicated by HOMA-IR, was higher in the group with two or more risk factors (2.62 vs. 1.52).
Insulin sensitivity, as measured by HOMA-S, was lower in adolescents with multiple risk factors (92.5% vs. 152.2%).
All participants had normal glucose tolerance, with no cases of impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes identified.

AI simplified

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate insulin resistance (IR), beta-cell function, and glucose tolerance in 119 Brazilian adolescents with obesity or risk factors (RF) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

STUDY DESIGN: We analyzed weight (kg), height (m), body mass index (BMI; kg/m(2)), waist (W; cm), acanthosis nigricans (AN), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP; mm Hg), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and 2-h plasma glucose (2hPG) on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT; 1.75 g of glucose/weight), lipid profile [total cholesterol (TC), fractions, and triglycerides (TGs)], fasting insulin (FI) and 2-h insulin on OGTT (2hI-RIA), HOMA-B (%; beta-cell function--HOMA program), HOMA-S (%; insulin sensitivity--HOMA program) and HOMA-IR [fasting plasma insulin (mU/ml)xfasting plasma glucose (mmol/L)/22.5]. Division according to number of RF-family history of T2DM (FHT2DM), obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and AN. G1: subjects with no or one RF; G2: subjects with two or more RFs. Statistical data were nonparametrical.

RESULTS: Fasting plasma glucose (G2: 81.6+/-10.2 vs. G1: 79.8+/-9.9 mg/dl) and 2hPG (88.1+/-18.0 vs. 87.0+/-19.9 mg/dl) were not different between G2 (n=67) and G1 (n=52), and all adolescents had normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Fasting insulin (13.0+/-7.9 vs. 7.6+/-3.9 microIU/ml; P<.001) and 2hI (60.2+/-39.1 vs. 38.3+/-40.0 microIU/ml; P<.001), HOMA-B (169.1+/-131.6% vs. 106.1+/-39.9%; P<.001), and HOMA-IR (2.62+/-1.7 vs. 1.52+/-0.8; P<.001) were higher in G2. HOMA-S (92.5+/-59.5% vs. 152.2+/-100.5%; P<.001) was also lower in this latter group.

CONCLUSION: Brazilian adolescents with two or more RFs for the development of T2DM have higher IR and beta-cell function and lower insulin sensitivity. However, adolescents with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or DM have not been found, differently from similar studies. Differences in ethnic background, environment, and lifestyle factors may account for this disparity.

Full Text

Full text is available at the source.

View full text (XML) ↗View full text ↗

Insulin resistance, β-cell function, and glucose tolerance in Brazilian adolescents with obesity or risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Full Text

You found one interesting study. We’ll send the next 7.

what lands in your inbox each week:

Recent issues from the circadian biology brief

Abstract

Full Text

Related papers

You found one interesting study. We’ll send the next 7.

what lands in your inbox each week:

Recent issues from the circadian biology brief