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Abstract
Lipotoxicity is associated with functional impairments in metabolic pathways across various organs, including the liver, heart, pancreas, and muscle.
- Ectopic lipid accumulation in organs like the kidneys and liver may lead to conditions such as diabetic nephropathy and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
- Insulin resistance caused by lipotoxicity could contribute to reproductive system disorders, including polycystic ovary syndrome.
- Increased circulating lipid levels may correlate with insulin resistance in muscle and liver due to altered fatty acid utilization and signaling.
- Mechanisms involving protein kinase C pathways and the JNK-1 pathway may explain how lipotoxicity induces insulin resistance in non-adipose tissues.
- Mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress, particularly through oxidative stress, are implicated in the development of insulin resistance.
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