Journal of clinical gastroenterologyOct 9, 2015

Gut Bacteria and Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Gut-Brain Axis Weekly Brief ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Updated Apr 3, 2026

Abstract

Alterations in the intestinal microbiota are implicated in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

The development of IBS symptoms may often follow a disruption of normal intestinal microbiota.
Compositional differences in the intestinal microbiota have been observed between IBS patients and healthy individuals.
Changes in the intestinal microbiota in IBS are associated with abnormalities in gastrointestinal and brain-gut axis functions.
Epidemiological and microbiological studies support the link between dysbiosis and IBS symptoms.

Simplified

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most prevalent and the best studied functional gastrointestinal disorder. The etiology and the pathogenesis of IBS are still not clear; however, recent studies have implicated a role for alterations in the intestinal microbiota (dysbiosis) in the pathophysiology of the disorder. Epidemiological observations have demonstrated that the development of IBS symptoms is often preceded by a disruption of the individual's normal intestinal microbiota, and microbiological studies have demonstrated compositional differences in the intestinal microbiota between patients with IBS patients and healthy controls. In addition, animal studies and a few recent human clinical studies have demonstrated that compositional changes in the intestinal microbiota in IBS are associated with relevant abnormal gastrointestinal and brain-gut axis functions that are often observed in patients with IBS. This article discusses points of interest from the current research on the microbiota-gut-brain interactions in IBS and highlights the relevance of the emerging data to our understanding of the disorder and the clinical implications for patients' care.

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Gut Bacteria and Irritable Bowel Syndrome

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