The effect of GLP-1 agonist on idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Nov 3, 2025Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders

GLP-1 drug effects on unexplained high pressure in the brain: a review and combined analysis

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Abstract

GLP-1 agonists significantly reduced Body Mass Index (BMI) over 24 months with mean differences of -0.36, -1.08, -1.18, and -1.42 at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively.

  • GLP-1 agonists decreased headache risk, showing the most significant reduction at 3 months (risk ratio: 0.69), with effects remaining significant at 6, 12, and 24 months.
  • The risk of papilledema was reduced at all time points, with the lowest risk ratio at 3 months (0.69), maintaining significance through 24 months.
  • Visual disturbances and refractory (IIH) risks were consistently reduced, with significant effects sustained up to 24 months.

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Key numbers

-1.42
Reduction at 24 Months
in reduction from baseline.
0.69
Headache Risk Reduction
for headache at 3 months.
0.43
Risk Reduction
for at 3 months.

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