NatureSep 3, 2026

Semaglutide treatment later in life slows aging and extends lifespan in female mice

GLP-1 Therapies Weekly Brief ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗OA ↗

Updated Sep 4, 2026

Abstract

Treatment with the GLP-1R agonist semaglutide for 3 months improved physiological function and extended lifespan in 20-month-old female mice.

GLP-1R activation is associated with improved physiological function and reduced signs of ageing in mice.
Semaglutide treatment may modulate nutrient sensors and genetic regulators linked to ageing.
Continued semaglutide treatment is linked to an extended lifespan in the mice studied.
The effects of semaglutide treatment are similar to those observed with calorie restriction, which slows ageing and extends lifespan.
In comparison to calorie restriction, semaglutide treatment may provide additional benefits in exploratory drive, spatial memory, and glucose control.

Simplified

Pharmacological glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) activation reduces food intake and is an effective therapy for type 2 diabetes and obesity¹. The use of GLP-1 medicines has revealed pleiotropic beneficial effects beyond glucose and weight control^2-5, but little is known about the underlying basis of the pleiotropic effects. Here, treatment of 20-month-old female C57BL/6 mice with the GLP-1R agonist semaglutide for 3 months improved physiological function, attenuated hallmarks of ageing and modulated nutrient sensors and conserved genetic regulators of ageing. Continued treatment extended mouse lifespan. These effects parallel key features of calorie restriction, a dietary intervention that slows ageing, extends lifespan and alleviates a wide spectrum of ageing-associated diseases⁶. In a longitudinal study in direct comparison to matched calorie restriction, semaglutide treatment preserved baseline function and recapitulated many functional benefits of calorie restriction by attenuating age-associated decline, while also producing improvements above baseline and more favourable trajectories than calorie restriction in exploratory drive, spatial memory and glucose control. Together, these findings demonstrate that GLP-1R activation initiated late in life slows ageing and extends lifespan in female mice, supporting its function as a calorie restriction mimetic and providing a mechanistic framework that may help to explain its broad beneficial effects while revealing effects beyond those attributable to reduced calorie intake.