LNP-RNA-mediated antigen presentation leverages SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity for cancer treatment

Mar 4, 2025Nature communications

Using RNA in lipid particles to trigger COVID-19 immune responses for cancer treatment

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Abstract

AA2 (LNP) encapsulating spike mRNA elicits stronger T-cell immunity than FDA-approved LNPs.

  • Lipid nanoparticle-mRNA vaccines can engage T-cell immunity against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
  • AA2 LNP shows superior delivery efficiency by generating stronger T-cell responses compared to ALC-0315 and SM-102.
  • AA15V LNP effectively delivers self-amplifying RNAs that promote the presentation of spike epitopes in tumors.
  • Intratumoral treatment with AA15V LNP-sSE-SCTs suppresses tumor growth and improves survival in mouse models of melanoma and lymphoma.
  • AA15V LNP-sSE-SCTs demonstrate potential efficacy in ex vivo human glioblastoma and lung cancer samples.

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Key numbers

69.0%
Increase in T-cell expression
Percentage of B16F10 cells expressing SE-SCTs by day 3 post-treatment.
27.8%
Tumor suppression
Percentage of OVA-H-2Kb live B16F10 cells within tumor tissues after treatment.

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