Changes in lipid nanoparticle DNA trigger immune response that supports long-term immunity

Declaration of interests D.B.W. has received grant funding; participates in industry collaborations; has received speaking honoraria; and has received fees for consulting, including serving on scientific review committees. Remunerations received by D.B.W. include direct payments and equity/options. D.B.W. also discloses the following associations with commercial partners: Geneos (consultant/advisory board), AstraZeneca (advisory board, speaker), INOVIO (board of directors, consultant), Sanofi (advisory board), BBI (advisory board), Pfizer (advisory Board), and Advaccine (consultant). N.P. is named on patents describing the use of nucleoside-modified mRNA in LNPs as a vaccine platform. He has disclosed those interests fully to the University of Pennsylvania, and he has in place an approved plan for managing any potential conflicts arising from the licensing of these patents. N.P. served on the mRNA strategic advisory board of Sanofi Pasteur in 2022 and the advisory board of Pfizer in 2023 and 2024. N.P. is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of AldexChem and BioNet-Asia. The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai has filed patent applications relating to SARS-CoV-2 serological assays, Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines influenza virus vaccines, and influenza virus therapeutics, which list F.K. as a co-inventor. Mount Sinai has spun out a company, Kantaro, to market serological tests for SARS-CoV-2 and another company, CastleVax, to develop SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. F.K. is a co-founder and scientific advisory board member of CastleVax. F.K. has consulted for Merck, Curevac, GSK, Seqirus, and Pfizer and is currently consulting for 3rd Rock Ventures, Gritstone, and Avimex. The Krammer laboratory is collaborating with Dynavax on influenza vaccine development. N.J.T., D.B.W., and N.P. have filed a patent application related to aspects of this work.