The m6A demethylase ALKBH5 controls trophoblast invasion at the maternal-fetal interface by regulating the stability of CYR61 mRNA

Jul 9, 2019Theranostics

The m6A demethylase ALKBH5 controls trophoblast invasion at the maternal-fetal interface by regulating the stability of CYR61 mRNA.

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Abstract

Global mRNA mA methylation levels were significantly decreased in placental villous tissue from recurrent miscarriage patients.

ALKBH5 expression was specifically unregulated in the placental tissue of recurrent miscarriage patients.
Knockdown of ALKBH5 in human trophoblasts promoted their invasion at the maternal interface.
Overexpression of ALKBH5 inhibited trophoblast invasion.
ALKBH5 knockdown increased the half-life of mRNA, promoting steady-state mRNA expression levels.
ALKBH5's regulation of trophoblast invasion is associated with mA-dependent RNA stability.

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N-Methyladenosine (mA) is the most prevalent internal modification in mammalian mRNAs. Although mA is important in many biological processes, its roles in the placenta are unclear.: Levels of global mRNA mA methylation and ALKBH5 expression in recurrent miscarriage (RM) patients were determined using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR), mA RNA methylation quantification, and immunohistochemical methods. Using ALKBH5 overexpression and knockdown methods, we determined the role of ALKBH5 in trophoblast invasion at the maternal interface through trophoblasts and an extravillous explant culture experiments. Furthermore, the regulation of CYR61 by ALKBH5 was explored by RNA-sequencing coupled with methylated RNA immunoprecipitation.: We found that the level of global mRNA mA methylation was significantly decreased in placental villous tissue from RM patients, while ALKBH5 expression was specifically unregulated. Furthermore, we demonstrated that ALKBH5 knockdown in human trophoblast promoted trophoblast invasion. Conversely, overexpression of ALKBH5 inhibited cell invasion. ALKBH5 knockdown promoted trophoblast invasion in villous explant culture experiments, while overexpression of ALKBH5 repressed these effects. Furthermore, we clarified that ALKBH5 inhibited trophoblast invasion by regulatingmRNA stability, and this RNA regulation is mA dependent. Mechanistic analyses showed that decreasedin trophoblast increased the half-life ofmRNA and promoted steady-statemRNA expression levels.: We elucidated the functional roles of ALKBH5 and mRNA mA methylation in trophoblast and identified a novel RNA regulatory mechanism, providing a basis for further exploration of broad RNA epigenetic regulatory patterns in RM diseases. 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6Methods Results Conclusions CYR61ALKBH5CYR61CYR61

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The m6A demethylase ALKBH5 controls trophoblast invasion at the maternal-fetal interface by regulating the stability of CYR61 mRNA

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