m6A RNA, FTO, ALKBH5 Expression in Type 2 Diabetic and Obesity Patients

Sep 12, 2022Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP

Levels of m6A RNA and Related Enzymes FTO and ALKBH5 in People with Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity

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Abstract

The median percentage of m6A RNA methylation was 5.62% in healthy controls, compared to 4.20% in obese individuals and 5.21% in those with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Obese participants exhibited a significantly lower m6A RNA methylation percentage than healthy controls.
FTO and ALKBH5 mRNA expression levels were significantly reduced in both obese and type 2 diabetes mellitus participants compared to healthy controls.
A negative correlation was observed between m6A RNA level and FTO mRNA levels, indicating that as m6A levels increase, FTO levels may decrease.
Similarly, a negative correlation was noted between m6A RNA level and ALKBH5 mRNA levels.
No significant difference was found in m6A RNA expression or FTO and ALKBH5 mRNA expression between obese individuals and those with type 2 diabetes.

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether m6A content changes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obese individuals and whether the relationship of m6A content with the mRNA expression levels of FTO and ALKBH5 genes.

STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.

PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Department of Internal Medicine, Firat University, Medical School, Elazig, Turkey, between January 2019 and January 2022.

METHODOLOGY: The study included 34 newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 34 obese individuals, and 33 healthy individuals without any chronic and metabolic disease matched for age and gender. The global m6A RNA methylation, FTO, and ALKBH5 gene analyses of all the participants were performed. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, HDL, HbA1c, and insulin and glucose levels were measured.

RESULTS: The median percentages of m6A RNA methylation in the control group, obese, and T2DM participants were 5.62%, 4.20%, and 5.21% respectively (p=0.004). The m6A RNA methylation percentage of the obese participants was significantly lower than controls (p=0.021). The FTO and ALKBH5 mRNA levels were significantly lower in obese and T2DM participants than in controls. There was a negative significant correlation between m6A RNA level and FTO i.e. (r=-0.291, p=0.003) and ALKBH5 (r=-0.321. p=0.001) levels.

CONCLUSION: m6A RNA expression levels of obese individuals were lower than healthy controls. The FTO and ALKBH5 mRNA expressions were lower in both obese and T2DM participants compared to the healthy controls. There was no significant difference between obese and T2DM individuals in terms of m6A RNA expression, FTO and ALKBH5 mRNA expression. m6A RNA expression, FTO, and ALKBH5 levels have a potential role in obesity and diabetes mellitus.

KEY WORDS: m6A RNA methylation, Epigenesis, Genetic, FTO, ALKBH5.

m6A RNA, FTO, ALKBH5 Expression in Type 2 Diabetic and Obesity Patients

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