Mangiferin alleviates trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO)-induced atherogenesis and modulates gut microbiota in mice

A 16.7-29.0% reduction in aortic atherosclerotic lesions was observed in mice treated with mangiferin alongside a high-choline diet.

• A high-choline diet increased plasma TMAO levels and accelerated the development of atherosclerosis.
• Mangiferin reduced inflammation and lowered total cholesterol levels by promoting the excretion of certain sterols in feces.
• The addition of mangiferin improved the gut microbiota composition by enhancing beneficial bacteria and decreasing pathogenic species.
• This modulation of gut bacteria led to lower plasma lipopolysaccharide levels and increased production of short-chain fatty acids.
• Mangiferin's effects are associated with a reduced risk of atherosclerosis in the context of elevated TMAO levels.

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