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MASLD as a systemic metabolic disease: expanding the scope of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome
MASLD as a whole-body metabolic disease linked to heart, kidney, and metabolism problems
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Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is increasingly recognized for its systemic cardiometabolic impacts.
- MASLD is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular and renal complications through shared mechanisms such as insulin resistance and oxidative stress.
- The condition remains underdiagnosed in cardiology and nephrology settings.
- Current frameworks exclude MASLD from the cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome model.
- There is a need for an expanded cardiovascular-kidney-liver-metabolic (CKLM) model to recognize the bidirectional connections between these diseases.
- Integrating MASLD into this expanded framework could enable earlier identification and improve multidisciplinary care.
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