Improving the Health Benefits of the Mediterranean Diet

The traditional Mediterranean diet is associated with reduced chronic disease risk.

• Guidelines for cardiovascular health should be informed by large randomized clinical trials rather than solely epidemiologic studies.
• Key components of the traditional Mediterranean diet include high intake of fruits, vegetables, nuts, and whole grains.
• The diet features a high fat consumption primarily from olive oil and moderate consumption of fish, with limited red meat.
• Upgrading this diet by using extra-virgin olive oil, increasing nuts and fatty fish, and reducing sodium may enhance its health benefits.
• Moderate wine consumption is recommended as part of the dietary pattern.

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