Potential applications of mesenchymal stem cells and their derived exosomes in regenerative medicine

May 6, 2023Expert opinion on biological therapy

Possible uses of mesenchymal stem cells and their tiny particles in tissue repair medicine

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Longevity & Aging on OpenScience ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secreted exosomes have unique advantages for potential therapies in regenerative medicine.

MSCs possess the ability to self-renew and differentiate, which is critical for tissue regeneration.
Exosomes secreted by MSCs exhibit immunomodulatory effects and lack immunogenicity, making them suitable for therapeutic use.
Both MSCs and exosomes are capable of migrating to damaged areas in the body, aiding the healing process.
Current challenges in the application of MSCs and exosomes include optimizing their therapeutic efficacy and addressing safety concerns.
Proposed solutions to enhance MSC or exosome therapy involve strategies like genetic modification and encapsulation.

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INTRODUCTION: Regenerative medicine involves the replacement of damaged cells, tissues, or organs to restore normal function. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and exosomes secreted by MSCs have unique advantages that make them a suitable candidate in the field of regenerative medicine.

AREAS COVERED: This article provides a comprehensive overview of regenerative medicine, focusing on the use of MSCs and their exosomes as potential therapies for replacing damaged cells, tissues, or organs. This article discusses the distinct advantages of both MSCs and their secreted exosomes, including their immunomodulatory effects, lack of immunogenicity, and recruitment to damaged areas. While both MSCs and exosomes have these advantages, MSCs also have the unique ability to self-renew and differentiate. This article also assesses the current challenges associated with the application of MSCs and their secreted exosomes in therapy. We have reviewed proposed solutions for improving MSC or exosome therapy, including ex-vivo preconditioning strategies, genetic modification, and encapsulation. Literature search was conducted using Google Scholar and PubMed databases.

EXPERT OPINION: Providing insight into the future development of MSC and exosome-based therapies and to encourage the scientific community to focus on the identified gaps, develop appropriate guidelines, and enhance the clinical application of these therapies.

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Potential applications of mesenchymal stem cells and their derived exosomes in regenerative medicine

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