The impact of microbiota on PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy outcomes: A focus on solid tumors

Specific bacterial species identified in fecal specimens may indicate patient responses to immunotherapy targeting PD-1/PD-L1.

• Certain bacterial species are associated with positive responses to anti-PD-(L)1 immunotherapy in cancer patients.
• Non-responders to immunotherapy tend to have a higher abundance of different bacterial sources in their gut microbiota.
• Fecal microbial transplantation from responders to non-responders has shown potential to improve clinical outcomes.
• Antibiotics and probiotic supplements may influence the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
• Further research is needed to clarify how gut microbiota affects immune responses and treatment outcomes.

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