[Molecular mechanisms of the biological clock].

Considerable progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms of circadian rhythmicity across various organisms.

• Circadian biological clocks have been observed in diverse organisms, including cyanobacteria, fungi, insects, and mammals.
• The first non-eukaryotic clock was described in cyanobacteria (Synechococcus).
• Neurospora and Drosophila serve as important models for studying molecular aspects of circadian timing systems.
• A common model of the circadian clock involves a feedback loop of transcription and translation, incorporating both positive and negative regulatory elements.
• Clock genes and clock-controlled genes are linked to rhythmic metabolism and behavior.

AI simplified