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Abstract
mRNA technology may provide a flexible and scalable platform for generating tumor-associated or patient-specific neoantigens.
- This approach induces strong outcomes from both cytotoxic and helper T cells while also stimulating innate immunity.
- mRNA vaccines are non-integrative, safe, and scalable, allowing for faster personalization based on individual tumor mutations.
- Early clinical trials in melanoma, breast, glioblastoma, and pancreatic cancer have shown promising immunogenicity results.
- Combining mRNA vaccines with checkpoint inhibitors or other therapies may enhance their effectiveness.
- Challenges such as tumor heterogeneity, antigen escape, and delivery efficiency remain, but advancements in artificial intelligence and delivery systems could help overcome these issues.
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