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Abstract
Next-generation delivery strategies aim to improve mRNA therapeutics beyond liver-centric distribution.
- Current lipid nanoparticle systems primarily target the liver, which limits their effectiveness for other organs.
- Emerging delivery platforms include pKa-tuned lipid nanoparticles, polymeric and peptide carriers, exosomes, and biomimetic vesicles.
- Physical enhancement techniques such as ultrasound, laser, and MRI-guided systems may improve delivery to deep-seated tissues.
- Integration of targeted ligands and responsive release mechanisms could lead to more precise therapeutic applications.
- Applications in oncology, cardiology, pulmonology, and neurology are discussed, with a focus on preclinical and early clinical outcomes.
- Regulatory aspects like immunogenicity, biodistribution, and manufacturing scalability are also addressed.
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