Mulberry leaf phenolics and fiber exert anti‐obesity through the gut microbiota‐host metabolism pathway

Mar 24, 2021Journal of food science

Mulberry leaf compounds and fiber may reduce obesity by changing gut bacteria and body metabolism

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Abstract

The middle concentration mulberry leaf powder (0.8 g/kg·d) significantly reduced Lee's index from 25.7 to 25.1 in a nutritional obesity rat model.

The mulberry leaf phenolics and fiber mixture (0.6 g/kg·d) resulted in a 12.4% reduction in body weight.
Mulberry leaf powder and its components may inhibit fat cell formation and fat synthesis through specific signaling pathways.
Gut microbiota analysis showed that the fiber and phenolics mixture prevented a decrease in intestinal flora diversity, reaching 491 species.
The mixture reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio to 7.99% and lowered the abundance of obesity-associated bacteria.
An increase in beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacilli, was observed with the mulberry leaf mixture.

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The effect of mulberry leaf powder and components on preventing obesity and regulating lipid metabolism were investigated in the present study. The mechanism of action was explored by examining the gut microbiota and lipid metabolism-related signaling pathways. As evidenced by the nutritional obesity rats model experiments, the middle concentration mulberry leaf powder (MLP) group (0.8 g/kg·d) significantly reduced Lee's index (25.1, compared with model control group [MC] 25.7) and had the strongest lipid metabolism regulation effect. Furthermore, the suppression effects of different mulberry leaf components on nutritional obesity were compared and the mulberry leaf phenolics and fiber mixture (Mulberry leaf mixture [MLM]) group (0.6 g/kg·d) was found to have the strongest efficacy (body weight [BW] reduced 12.4%). Real time PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot analyses demonstrated that MLP (0.8 g/kg·d) and its components inhibited adipocyte differentiation and triglyceride synthesis through the PPAR-γ- C/EBP-α signaling pathway, resulting in lipid metabolism regulation. Gut microbiota analysis indicated that MLM (0.6 g/kg·d) prevented the reduction in intestinal flora diversity (reach 491 species) caused by high-energy feed, and reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (to 7.99%) and the obesity associated flora, Lachnospiraceae (to 19.1%), whereas it improved the content of the beneficial flora, Lactobacilli, Lactobacillus_johnsonii (reach 11.77%). MLM improved the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of the two functional components (phenolics and fiber) and maximized the anti-obesity effect through the gut microbiota-host metabolism pathway. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The anti-obesity and lipid metabolism regulation effect of mulberry leaf components were evaluated in this study. The fiber and phenolics of this plant have the potential for development of weight-loss functional foods.

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Mulberry leaf phenolics and fiber exert anti‐obesity through the gut microbiota‐host metabolism pathway

Abstract

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