Multi-omics strategies to decode the molecular landscape of cellular senescence

Cellular senescence is characterized by a permanent cell cycle arrest and is associated with both aging and age-related diseases.

• Senescence is triggered by various stressors, including DNA damage and oxidative stress.
• Senescent cells remain metabolically active and secrete a mix of factors known as the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP).
• The SASP can promote tissue repair but may also lead to chronic inflammation and tissue dysfunction if persistent.
• Two major pathways, the p53/p21 and p16^INK4a^/Rb axes, primarily regulate cellular senescence.
• Recent multi-omics technologies have revealed new biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets related to senescence.
• Challenges remain in determining causal relationships and translating these findings into clinical applications.

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