Relationship between night work and health-related quality of life: an analysis based on profiles and cumulative duration of exposure to night work among French workers in the CONSTANCES cohort

Mar 11, 2024International archives of occupational and environmental health

How night work and time spent working nights relate to quality of life in French workers

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Circadian Biology on OpenScience ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Abstract

The sample consisted of 10,372 participants.

Former night workers had a significantly lower physical health-related quality of life (PCS) score compared to day workers.
Permanent night workers exhibited a significantly higher mental health-related quality of life (MCS) score than day workers.
Cumulative night work duration was associated with a significant decrease in PCS scores among former night workers over time.
Permanent and rotating night workers had similar or even better HRQoL compared to day workers, indicating a potential healthy worker survivor effect.

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to estimate the association between night work and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among French workers. The association between cumulative duration of night work and HRQoL was also investigated.

METHODS: Three career-long night work exposure groups were defined at inclusion in the CONSTANCES cohort: permanent night workers, rotating night workers and former night workers. Day workers with no experience of night work were the reference group. HRQoL was assessed using the Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), in particular the physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores, with a higher score indicating better HRQoL. Several linear regression models were built to test the association between night work exposure and HRQoL. The relationship between cumulative duration of night work and HRQoL scores was analyzed using generalised additive models.

RESULTS: The sample consisted of 10,372 participants. Former night workers had a significantly lower PCS score than day workers (β [95% CI]: - 1.09 [- 1.73; - 0.45], p = 0.001), whereas permanent night workers had a significantly higher MCS score (β [95% CI]: 1.19 [0.009; 2.36], p = 0.048). A significant decrease in PCS score from 5 to 20 years of cumulative night work was observed among former night workers.

CONCLUSIONS: Former night workers had poorer physical HRQoL in contrast to permanent and rotating night workers who had similar or even better HRQoL than day workers, suggesting the well-known healthy worker survivor effect. Consequently, both current and former night workers require regular and specific follow-up focused on the physical components of their health.

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Relationship between night work and health-related quality of life: an analysis based on profiles and cumulative duration of exposure to night work among French workers in the CONSTANCES cohort

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