Duality of Interest. J.F.E.M. reports grants from Novo Nordisk, the European Union, and McMaster University Hamilton, Canada; consulting fees from Novo Nordisk, AstraZeneca, Bayer, and Boehringer Ingelheim; honoraria from Novo Nordisk, AstraZeneca, Bayer, and Novartis; participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board for AstraZeneca, Bayer, Sanofi, and Boehringer Ingelheim; authorship for UpToDate; and a leadership role in the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) group. N.M. is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation; TRR 219; Project-ID 322900939 [M03, M05]) and has given lectures for Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi Aventis, MSD, Bristol-Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, and Novo Nordisk; received unrestricted research grants from Boehringer Ingelheim; served as an advisor for Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi Aventis, MSD, Bristol-Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, and Novo Nordisk; and served in trial leadership for Boehringer Ingelheim and Novo Nordisk. N.M. declines all personal compensation from pharma or device companies. J.E.D. reports grants or contracts in 2022–2025 from Alzheimer’s Research UK and in 2019–2022 from the British Heart Foundation and consulting fees/honoraria from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Merck, Pfizer, Aegerion, Novartis, Sanofi, Takeda, Novo Nordisk, and Bayer. S.S.E. declares consulting fees from Novo Nordisk for steering committee participation and from Boehringer Ingelheim for consulting for veterinary CHF; support for attending or travel from meetings and/or travel from Novo Nordisk; and participation on advisory boards for Novo Nordisk, AstraZeneca, Daiichi Sankyo, Vertex, Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Sanofi. S.E.I. has served as a consultant or on advisory boards for Novo Nordisk, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Merck, Pfizer, and Bayer; given lectures sponsored by AstraZeneca and Boehringer Ingelheim/Lilly; received royalties from McGraw-Hill and Wolters Kluwer Health; and received support for attending meetings and/or travel from Novo Nordisk, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim/Lilly, and Bayer. D.K.M. has received consulting fees from Novo Nordisk, AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Altimmune, Ventyx Pharmaceuticals, Bayer, Lexicon, Applied Therapeutics, Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Esperion, Lilly USA, Boehringer Ingelheim, New Amsterdam, CSL Behring, Amgen, Neurotronics, Metsera, Kailera, and Alveus Pharma. S.L.M. has served as a consultant or on advisory boards for Novo Nordisk and Merck. R.P.-B. has received research grant support to her institutions from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Breakthrough T1D (formerly JDRF), Bayer, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, and Novo Nordisk; consulting fees from Averitas Pharma, Biogen, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Nevro Inc., Novo Nordisk, and Roche Diagnostic; support for attending meetings and/or travel from Roche; participation on an advisory board for Biogen/Reata; and membership on the board of directors of the American Diabetes Association. N.R.P. has received financial support from several pharmaceutical companies that manufacture blood pressure-lowering, lipid-lowering, and glucose-lowering agents for consultancy fees, research projects and staff, and for arranging and speaking at educational meetings, including Servier, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Amgen, Sanofi, and Novo Nordisk; he holds no stocks and shares in any such companies. M.D.M.E., N.B., T.I., and O.K.J. are employees and shareholders of Novo Nordisk. G.K.H. has received funding from the Klinkerpadfonds, paid out to his former academic institution (Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands) and is an employee and shareholder of Novo Nordisk. A.L.B. is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation; GRK2816; BI1292/12-1; 10-1; 9-1) and the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (01GI0925) via the German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.); has given lectures for Novo Nordisk and Daiichi Sankyo; has received unrestricted research grants from Boehringer Ingelheim and AstraZeneca; has served as an advisor for Bayer and Novo Nordisk; and has served in trial leadership for Boehringer Ingelheim, Novo Nordisk, and Eli Lilly. A.L.B. declines all personal compensation from pharma or device companies. A.A. reports contract research fees, advisory board fees, and lecture fees from Novo Nordisk, and advisory board fees and lecture fees from Aspen Pharma (SA) and Lilly (SA). B.M. has served on advisory boards and received speaking fees from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Servier, and Wörwag Pharma. C.D. reports Novo Nordisk research grants (payments to institution) and has personally received consulting fees from Eli Lilly and consulting fees and support for attending meetings and/or travel from Novo Nordisk. J.J.G.-M. has the following financial relationships: advisor on scientific boards for Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Novo Nordisk; lectures for Amarin, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Menarini, and Novo Nordisk; and research activities for AstraZeneca, Mundipharma, and Novo Nordisk. R.A. has given lectures for Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Sanofi; received advisory board fees from Novo Nordisk and Eli Lilly; and received honoraria for clinical trials from Novo Nordisk and Eli Lilly. S.-T.T. has given lectures for Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Sanofi; received advisory board fees from Novo Nordisk and Eli Lilly; and received honoraria for clinical trials from Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly, and Boehringer Ingelheim. J.B.B. reports research support from Corcept, Dexcom, and Novo Nordisk; consulting fees from Altimmune, Antag, Amgen, ApStem, Aqua Medical, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, CeQur, Corcept Therapeutics, Dexcom, Eli Lilly, Embecta, GentiBio, Glyscend, Insulet, Medtronic MiniMed, Mellitus Health, Metsera, Novo Nordisk, Pendulum Therapeutics, Praetego, Stability Health, Tandem, Terns Inc., Vertex, and Zealand; and stock options from Glyscend, Mellitus Health, Metsera, Pendulum Therapeutics, Praetego, and Stability Health. No other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.
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