Outdoor light at night, air pollution and risk of incident type 2 diabetes

Sep 25, 2024Environmental research

Outdoor night light and air pollution linked to new cases of type 2 diabetes

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Circadian Biology on OpenScience ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Abstract

During 108,908 person-years of follow-up, 1,016 new cases of type 2 diabetes were identified.

Outdoor light at night is associated with a 22% increase in the risk of developing type 2 diabetes for every interquartile range increase.
Exposure to particulate matter with a diameter ≤10 μm is linked to a 20% increase in type 2 diabetes risk.
Particulate matter with a diameter ≤2.5 μm is associated with a 23% increase in type 2 diabetes risk.
Nitrogen dioxide exposure is linked to a 19% increase in type 2 diabetes risk.
Significant interactions were observed between outdoor light at night and nitrogen dioxide, indicating stronger associations in areas with higher nitrogen dioxide levels.

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BACKGROUND: Air pollution and outdoor light at night (LAN) have been reported to be related to type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, their interaction with risk of T2D remains uncertain. Therefore, our study aimed to explore the relationship between outdoor LAN, air pollution and incident T2D.

METHODS: Our study included a cohort of 24,147 subjects recruited from 2015 to 2018 in Ningbo, China. Land use regression models were used to evaluate particulate matter with a diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM), ≤10 μm (PM) and nitrogen dioxide (NO). Satellite images data with a spatial resolution of 500m was used to estimate outdoor LAN levels. T2D new cases were identified by medical records based on health information system. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Moreover, we investigated the multiplicative and additive interactions between air pollution and outdoor LAN. 2.5 10 2

RESULTS: During 108,908 person-years of follow-up period, 1016 T2D incident cases were identified. The HRs (95% CIs) were 1.22 (1.15, 1.30) for outdoor LAN, 1.20 (1.00, 1.45) for PM, 1.23 (1.11, 1.35) for PMand 1.19 (1.04, 1.37) for NOin every interquartile range increase, respectively. Furthermore, significant interactions were observed between outdoor LAN and NO. 2.5 10 2 2

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicated that air pollution and outdoor LAN were positively associated with T2D. Moreover, we observed an interaction between outdoor LAN and NOsuggesting that stronger associations for outdoor LAN and T2D in areas with higher levels of NO, and for NOand T2D in areas with higher levels of outdoor LAN. 2 2 2

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Outdoor light at night, air pollution and risk of incident type 2 diabetes

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