Parenting behaviors and deviant peer affiliation among Chinese adolescents: the mediating role of psychological reactance and the moderating role of gender

Apr 14, 2025BMC psychology

How Parenting Relates to Risky Friendships in Chinese Teens: The Role of Teen Resistance and Gender Differences

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Abstract

In a study of 1,822 high school students, parental emotional warmth was found to be negatively correlated with adolescent .

  • Parental rejection and overprotection were positively correlated with adolescent deviant peer affiliation.
  • Reactance significantly mediated the relationship between various parenting behaviors and deviant peer affiliation.
  • Reactance fully mediated the link between parental overprotection and deviant peer affiliation.
  • Gender significantly moderated the relationship between parental rejection and emotional warmth with deviant peer affiliation.
  • No moderation was observed regarding parental overprotection and deviant peer affiliation.

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Key numbers

98%
Response Rate
Out of 1,856 distributed questionnaires, 1,822 valid responses were collected.
1,822 adolescents
Sample Size
Participants were high school students from two provinces in China.
71.32%
Mediation Effect of Reactance
Reactance accounted for 71.32% of the total effect of parental overprotection on .

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