Piezodynamic Therapy: Unleashing Mechanical Energy and Featuristic Next Generation Therapeutic Paradigms for Glioblastoma

Sep 15, 2025ACS nano

Using Mechanical Energy in Advanced Treatments for Brain Cancer

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Regenerative Health on OpenScience ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is associated with high resistance to conventional therapies and presents significant treatment challenges.

Current energy-based therapies aim to disrupt the blood-brain barrier to enhance drug delivery.
Piezodynamic therapy utilizes piezoelectric nanomaterials to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and stimulate immune responses.
Nanogas technologies enable improved control over ROS generation through ultrasound-driven processes.
3D-bioprinted GBM models allow for patient-specific testing of treatments in realistic tumor settings.
Implantable smart devices may offer real-time adjustments to mechanical stimuli for better treatment accuracy.
Tumor vaccines could enhance systemic immune responses against GBM.

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Glioblastoma (GBM), the most lethal primary brain tumor in adults, is characterized by extensive infiltration, marked heterogeneity, and resistance to conventional therapies. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) impedes effective drug delivery; therefore, recent advancements in energy-based therapies have introduced innovative approaches to overcome these challenges. These include focused ultrasound, tumor-treating fields, magnetomechanical actuation, and triboelectric stimulation to transiently disrupt the BBB and facilitate targeted treatment. Piezodynamic therapy has emerged as a key strategy, using piezoelectric nanomaterials to convert mechanical stimuli into reactive oxygen species (ROS) and immunogenic signals, inducing localized oxidative stress and immune activation. This approach is complemented by nanogas-based technologies, which enhance spatiotemporal control over ROS generation through ultrasound-driven piezocatalysis. Novel 3D-bioprinted GBM models provide patient-specific platforms for optimizing these therapies and investigating piezodynamic effects in realistic tumor environments. Concurrently, implantable smart devices enable real-time modulation of mechanical stimuli, improving treatment precision. Tumor vaccines also play a complementary role by amplifying systemic anti-GBM immune responses. Challenges such as nanoparticle biocompatibility, precise regulation of physical stimuli, and clinical translation persist. This review evaluates the existing energy-based multimodal treatments and integration of piezodynamic therapy with nanogas technologies, 3D bioprinting, and immune-stimulating vaccines, highlighting their potential as a featuristic strategy to overcome GBM's therapeutic resistance.

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Piezodynamic Therapy: Unleashing Mechanical Energy and Featuristic Next Generation Therapeutic Paradigms for Glioblastoma

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