Identification of plant extracts with potential antidiabetic properties: effect on human peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR), adipocyte differentiation and insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake

Jan 28, 2009Phytotherapy research : PTR

Plant extracts that may help diabetes by affecting fat cell development, insulin response, and key metabolic receptors

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Abstract

Out of 133 tested plant extracts, 22 were found to increase insulin-stimulated glucose uptake.

Eighteen plant extracts activated PPARgamma, which plays a key role in managing glucose levels.
Three extracts were identified that activate both PPARalpha and gamma.
Six extracts activated both PPARdelta and gamma.
Nine extracts were found to activate all three PPAR subtypes: gamma, alpha, and delta.
Among 24 different plant species tested, 50% contained compounds that may activate PPARgamma with minimal impact on fat cell development.

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Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are insulin sensitizing drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes. The primary target of the TZDs is the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma, a key regulator of adipogenesis and glucose homeostasis. Currently prescribed TZDs are full PPARgamma agonists, and their use is associated with several side effects. Partial PPARgamma agonists appear to be associated with fewer side effects but may still confer the desired insulin sensitizing action. Extracts from common medicinal/food plants were tested in a screening platform comprising a series of bioassays, including tests for PPARgamma, alpha and delta transactivation, adipocyte differentiation and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, allowing identification of plants containing potentially interesting PPAR agonists. Twenty-two plant extracts out of 133 were found to increase insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and 18 extracts were found to activate PPARgamma, 3 to activate PPARalpha and gamma, 6 to activate PPARdelta and gamma, and 9 to activate PPARgamma, alpha and delta. Among the 24 different plant species tested in the platform, 50% were shown to contain compounds capable of activating PPARgamma and stimulating insulin-dependent glucose uptake with no or little effect on adipocyte differentiation warranting further studies and characterization.

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Identification of plant extracts with potential antidiabetic properties: effect on human peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR), adipocyte differentiation and insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake

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