Validation of the post sleep questionnaire for assessing subjects with restless legs syndrome: results from two double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled clinical trials

Apr 30, 2011BMC neurology

Testing a questionnaire for restless legs syndrome after sleep using data from two placebo-controlled clinical trials

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Abstract

Pooled data from two clinical trials involving 540 subjects indicate that the Post Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) is a valid measure for assessing sleep dysfunction in individuals with moderate-to-severe Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS).

Significant correlations were found between PSQ items and total scores of established health surveys, indicating convergent validity.
No significant correlations were observed between PSQ items and demographic characteristics, supporting divergent validity.
Strong correlations between RLS severity groups and PSQ items demonstrated known-group validity.
The PSQ showed responsiveness to patient-reported changes as reflected in both investigator- and subject-rated scores.

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BACKGROUND: Because of the subjective nature of Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) symptoms and the impact of these symptoms on sleep, patient-reported outcomes (PROs) play a prominent role as study endpoints in clinical trials investigating RLS treatments. The objective of this study was to validate a new measure, the Post Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ), to assess sleep dysfunction in subjects with moderate-to-severe RLS symptoms.

METHODS: Pooled data were analyzed from two 12-week, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of gabapentin enacarbil (N = 540). At baseline and Week 12, subjects completed the PSQ and other validated health surveys: IRLS Rating Scale, Clinical Global Impression of Improvement (CGI-I), Profile of Mood States (POMS), Medical Outcomes Study Scale-Sleep (MOS-Sleep), and RLS-Quality of Life (RLSQoL). Pooled data were used post hoc to examine the convergent, divergent, known-group validity and the responsiveness of the PSQ.

RESULTS: Convergent validity was demonstrated by significant correlations between baseline PSQ items and total scores of IRLS, POMS, RLSQoL, and the MOS-Sleep Scale (p ≤ 0.007 each). Divergent validity was demonstrated through the lack of significant correlations between PSQ items and demographic characteristics. Correlations (p < 0.0001) between RLS severity groups and PSQ items demonstrated known-group validity. Mean changes in investigator- and subject-rated CGI-I scores for each PSQ item (p < 0.0001) demonstrated the PSQ's responsiveness to patient change as reported by their care provider.

CONCLUSIONS: Although these analyses were potentially limited by the use of clinical trial data and not prospective data from a study conducted solely for validation purposes, the PSQ demonstrated robust psychometric properties and is a valid instrument for assessing sleep and sleep improvements in subjects with moderate-to-severe RLS symptoms.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study analyzed data from two registered trials, NCT00298623 and NCT00365352.

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Validation of the post sleep questionnaire for assessing subjects with restless legs syndrome: results from two double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled clinical trials

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