Prime editing: a search and replace tool with versatile base changes.

Prime editing can install all 12 types of point mutations, small insertions, and deletions.

• Prime editing uses a modified CRISPR/Cas system that combines reverse transcriptase with a nickase enzyme.
• The prime editing guide RNA (pegRNA) includes a template for the desired genetic change.
• Applications of prime editing have been observed in various organisms, such as animals, plants, and bacteria.
• Prime editing may have potential for gene therapy and genetic improvement in agriculture.
• The review covers the development, characteristics, optimizations, applications, and security of prime editing.

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