'Daytime dysfunction' is the most severely impacted symptom of sleep quality due to problematic smartphone use.
Interventions aimed at managing negative emotions and reducing daytime tiredness may help in addressing both smartphone use and sleep quality.
Simplified
BACKGROUND: This study established a network structure between (PSU) and (PSQ) to explore their symptomatic relationship in adolescents with depression.
METHODS: The data were obtained from the baseline data of the Chinese Adolescent Depression Cohort, which included depressed adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years. PSU and PSQ were assessed via the Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). This study utilized network analysis to identify the core and bridge symptoms between PSU and PSQ.
RESULTS: The core symptom of the network was 'Anxiety and craving' in the PSU. The symptoms 'Anxiety and craving', 'Daytime dysfunction' and 'Sleep disturbances' could function as bridges between PSU and PSQ. The symptom 'Anxiety and craving' played the most important role in the interaction between PSU and PSQ. It affects 'Sleep disturbances' that contribute to the harm of problematic smartphone use to sleep quality. The symptom 'Daytime dysfunction' of PSQ was the most severely affected by PSU.
CONCLUSIONS: Interventions that target regulating negative emotion and reducing daytime tiredness would be more effective in managing problematic smartphone use and improving sleep quality.
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
Key numbers
2200
Sample Size
Total number of depressed adolescents included in the study.
490 of 2200
Gender Ratio
Number of boys among the total participants.
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Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Prior to the investigation, all participants and their legal guardians were informed of the purpose and procedures and provided written informed consent forms. All materials, measures, methods, and procedures were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the ethics committee of Shenzhen Kangning Hospital (IRB:2020-k021-02). Consent for publication: Written informed consent for publication was obtained from all participants. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
