Psilocybin unevenly changes decision-making and brain processing when outcomes are uncertain

Psilocybin improved choice selection in uncertain contexts during a value-based probabilistic choice task.

• Psilocybin exposure is associated with enhanced updating from rewarded actions and reduced updating from unrewarded actions.
• Behavioral changes during psilocybin use coincide with shifts in neural encoding of task features.
• The neural representation of rewarded outcomes increased, while the representation of unrewarded outcomes decreased.
• These findings suggest that psilocybin may facilitate learning by prioritizing positive new information in decision-making.

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