Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry

How psilocybin, LSD, MDMA, and ketamine may renew psychedelic-assisted therapy: key insights, challenges, and future possibilities

Updated

Abstract

Psychedelic compounds like psilocybin, LSD, MDMA, and ketamine are increasingly recognized for their therapeutic potential in treating complex mental health conditions.

  • Psychedelics may work by modulating serotonin receptors and altering brain connectivity.
  • Each psychedelic has a unique pharmacological profile and specific clinical applications.
  • Psilocybin and LSD engage similar serotonergic pathways but differ in how they affect receptors and subjective experiences.
  • MDMA is associated with empathogenic properties, while ketamine may provide rapid antidepressant effects.
  • Recent FDA designations for psilocybin and MDMA indicate a shift towards acceptance based on evidence.
  • The field faces challenges including methodological limitations, regulatory hurdles, and ethical considerations.

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Funding

Competing interests

Declaration of competing interest The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
PubMed

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