Safety and tolerability of once‐weekly GLP‐1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes

Sep 10, 2020Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics

Safety and side effects of once-weekly GLP-1 drugs for type 2 diabetes

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Abstract

A total of 30 trials were identified, revealing that gastrointestinal events were the most commonly reported adverse effects of once-weekly GLP-1 receptor agonists.

  • Gastrointestinal events, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, were common but generally mild-to-moderate and transient.
  • The risk of serious adverse events such as hypoglycemia, injection-site reactions, pancreatitis, neoplasms, and gallbladder events was generally low across the three GLP-1 receptor agonists examined.
  • Rates of diabetic retinopathy and its complications were low, with a notable exception in one trial where QW semaglutide showed a higher rate of diabetic retinopathy complications compared to placebo.
  • The review integrates recent clinical data with older trial results to assist in informed treatment choices for type 2 diabetes.
  • Each of the three once-weekly GLP-1 receptor agonists has distinct safety profiles that should influence treatment decisions.

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Key numbers

8%–29%
GI Adverse Events Rate
Reported in dulaglutide trials across various doses.
3.0%
Diabetic Retinopathy Complications Rate
Reported in the SUSTAIN 6 trial.
<1%
Hypoglycemia Rate
Reported in AWARD and DURATION trials.

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