Sarcopenic obesity as an independent risk factor of hypertension

Aug 6, 2013Journal of the American Society of Hypertension : JASH

Muscle loss combined with obesity as a separate risk factor for high blood pressure

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Abstract

The sarcopenic-obese group had systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels that were ≈12 mm Hg and 5 mm Hg higher, respectively, than those in the normal group.

Sarcopenic obesity may be linked to higher blood pressure levels.
The odds of having hypertension are significantly elevated in the sarcopenic (OR 2.48), obese (OR 3.15), and sarcopenic-obese (OR 6.42) groups compared to the normal group.
Low muscle mass is associated with increased hypertension risk, independent of abdominal obesity.
Appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by weight may predict hypertension outcomes.

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Low muscle mass has been associated with arterial stiffness. The aim of the study was to determine whether sarcopenic obesity is associated with hypertension. Subjects consisted of 6832 adults who participated in the 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Participants were classified as normal, sarcopenic, obese, or sarcopenic-obese based on the following measures: waist circumference and appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by weight (ASM/Wt). The sarcopenic-obese group had systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels that were ≈12 mm Hg and 5 mm Hg higher, respectively, than those in the normal group. Compared with the normal group, the odds ratio (OR) of having hypertension for the sarcopenic, obese, and sarcopenic-obese groups were 2.48 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.89-6.16), 3.15 (95% CI, 2.76-3.59), and 6.42 (95% CI, 4.85-8.48) times higher, respectively. When waist circumference and ASM/Wt were used as continuous variables in the same regression model, ASM/Wt was a significant predictor of hypertension (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.89-0.98). Sarcopenic obesity is associated with hypertension, while low muscle mass is also correlated with hypertension, independent of abdominal obesity. Abdominal obesity and sarcopenia may potentiate each other to induce hypertension.

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Sarcopenic obesity as an independent risk factor of hypertension

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