Effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg on physical functioning and weight‐ and health‐related quality of life in adults with overweight or obesity: Patient‐reported outcomes from the STEP 1–4 trials

May 3, 2024Diabetes, obesity & metabolism

Semaglutide 2.4 mg's effects on physical function and quality of life in adults with overweight or obesity

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Abstract

At Week 68, 51.8% of participants treated with semaglutide 2.4 mg achieved meaningful improvements in physical functioning compared to 28.3% in the placebo group.

Semaglutide 2.4 mg demonstrated superiority over placebo in improving physical functioning scores on both the IWQOL-Lite-CT and SF-36v2 assessments.
In STEP 1, significantly more participants on semaglutide met meaningful improvement thresholds for IWQOL-Lite-CT Physical Function scores compared to those on placebo.
Similar trends were observed in STEP 2 and STEP 4 for SF-36v2 Physical Functioning scores, indicating consistent benefits across different scales.
Numerical improvements were noted in other quality of life measures, although not all differences reached statistical significance.

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AIMS: To summarize the effects of semaglutide 2.4 mg on weight-related quality of life (WRQOL) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL), focusing on the confirmatory secondary endpoint of physical functioning.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The STEP 1-4 Phase 3a, 68-week, double-blind, randomized controlled trials assessed the efficacy and safety of semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo in individuals with overweight/obesity. WRQOL and HRQOL were assessed by change from baseline to Week 68 in two different but complementary measures, the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life-Lite Clinical Trials Version (IWQOL-Lite-CT; STEP 1 and 2) and the SF-36v2 Health Survey Acute (SF-36v2; STEP 1-4).

RESULTS: Superiority for semaglutide 2.4 mg over placebo based on IWQOL-Lite-CT and SF-36v2 physical functioning scores was confirmed in STEP 1 and 2 and in STEP 1, 2 and 4, respectively. At Week 68, a greater proportion of participants treated with semaglutide 2.4 mg than with placebo reached meaningful within-person change (MWPC) thresholds for IWQOL-Lite-CT Physical Function scores in STEP 1 (51.8% vs. 28.3%; p < 0.0001) and STEP 2 (39.6% vs. 29.5%; p = 0.0083) and the MWPC threshold for SF-36v2 Physical Functioning in STEP 1 (39.8% vs. 24.1%; p < 0.0001), STEP 2 (41.0% vs. 27.3%; p = 0.0005) and STEP 4 (18.0% vs. 6.6%; p < 0.0001). All other IWQOL-Lite-CT and SF-36v2 scale scores in STEP 1-4 were numerically improved with semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo, except for SF-36v2 Role Emotional in STEP 2.

CONCLUSIONS: Semaglutide 2.4 mg significantly improved physical functioning, with greater proportions of participants achieving MWPC compared with placebo, and showed beneficial effects on WRQOL and HRQOL beyond physical functioning.

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Effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg on physical functioning and weight‐ and health‐related quality of life in adults with overweight or obesity: Patient‐reported outcomes from the STEP 1–4 trials

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