Serum spexin, adiponectin and leptin levels in polycystic ovarian syndrome in association with FTO gene polymorphism

Apr 29, 2021Ginekologia polska

Blood levels of spexin, adiponectin, and leptin in polycystic ovary syndrome linked to FTO gene variation

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Abstract

Serum leptin levels in obese PCOS women were 2197.9 ± 596.3 pg/mL, significantly higher than in healthy controls.

Serum adiponectin levels were lower in PCOS women with a BMI under 25 kg/m2 compared to healthy controls (10.1 ± 5.6 vs 14.1 ± 9.1, p = 0.015).
The prevalence of the A risk allele of the FTO gene SNP rs9939609 was higher in PCOS patients than in the control group.
PCOS risk was approximately three times greater in individuals with the AA genotype compared to those with the TT genotype (OR = 3.04, 95% CI: 1.243-7.309; p = 0.013).
Serum levels of spexin did not differ between the PCOS and control groups.
Adiponectin and leptin levels may be independent markers for diagnosing PCOS.

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OBJECTIVES: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex reproductive endocrinopathy among reproductive-aged women and related with body mass and insulin resistance. Adipocytokines produced by adipose tissue seems to take part in the hormonal and metabolic alterations that arise in PCOS. Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene is linked with body mass index (BMI) and diabetes. Aims - To investigate the association between fat mass related adipocytokines and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs9939609 T/A) in the FTO gene in women with PCOS. Study design - Cross-sectional study MATERIAL AND METHODS: FTO+rs9939609 gene polymorphism and serum spexin, adiponectin and leptin levels were determined in 91 PCOS women and 86 healthy controls. Study participants were subdivided according to BMI and comparisons were made within each group.

RESULTS: Serum spexin levels were not differed between study groups. Serum levels of adiponectin were found to be decreased in PCOS women with BMI lower than 25 kg/m2 (10.1 ± 5.6 vs 14.1 ± 9.1, p = 0.015). Serum leptin levels were elevated in obese PCOS women compared to healthy control group (2197.9 ± 596.3 pg/mL vs 1535.9 ± 812.1 pg/mL, p = 0.001). The prevalence of A risk allele of SNP rs9939609 was more frequent in PCOS patients than in the control group. PCOS risk was found to increase 3 times more in AA genotype when compared with TT genotype (OR = 3.04 95% CI: 1.243-7.309; p = 0.013).

CONCLUSIONS: Serum adiponectin and leptin levels may serve as independent markers for PCOS diagnosis. Moreover, the FTO+rs9939609 gene polymorphism increase susceptibility to PCOS development independent from serum adipocytokine levels.

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Serum spexin, adiponectin and leptin levels in polycystic ovarian syndrome in association with FTO gene polymorphism

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