Sleep Inertia and Related Factors in Shift Workers and Non-Shift Workers

Shift workers reported higher sleep inertia compared to non-shift workers.

• Sleep inertia scores were significantly higher in shift workers than in non-shift workers after adjusting for depressive symptoms, sleepiness, insomnia, and chronotype.
• Depressive symptoms and sleepiness were found to predict sleep inertia in both shift and non-shift workers.
• The influence of depressive symptoms on sleep inertia was stronger in shift workers than in non-shift workers.
• Chronotype had a more significant impact on sleep inertia in non-shift workers compared to shift workers.
• The relationship between depressive symptoms or chronotype and sleep inertia was mediated by sleepiness, with variations based on work schedules.

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