Sleep patterns, genetic susceptibility, and risk of new-onset gout: The UK Biobank prospective cohort study

May 27, 2023Journal of psychosomatic research

Sleep habits, genetic risk, and chances of developing gout in the UK Biobank study

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Abstract

During a median follow-up of 12.0 years, 4,270 participants (1.1%) developed new-onset gout.

Healthy sleep patterns, indicated by a score of 4 to 5, are linked to a reduced risk of new-onset gout compared to poor sleep patterns (score of 0 to 1).
Participants with healthy sleep patterns had a hazard ratio of 0.79 for developing gout, suggesting a 21% lower risk.
The protective effect of healthy sleep patterns was more pronounced in individuals with low (HR, 0.68) and intermediate (HR, 0.78) genetic risks for gout.
No significant reduction in gout risk associated with healthy sleep patterns was observed in participants with high genetic risks (HR, 0.95).
An interaction effect was noted, indicating that genetic risk may modify the association between sleep behaviors and gout risk.

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OBJECTIVE: The association between sleep behaviors and gout risk remains uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the relationship of sleep patterns based on a combination of five major sleep behaviors with the risk of new-onset gout, and to explore whether genetic risks of gout may modify this association in the general population.

METHODS: 403,630 participants without gout at baseline in UK Biobank were included. A healthy sleep score was created by combining five major sleep behaviors, including chronotype, sleep duration, insomnia, snoring, and daytime sleepiness. Genetic risk score for gout was calculated based on 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with independently significant genome-wide association with gout. The primary outcome was new-onset gout.

RESULTS: During a median follow-up duration of 12.0 years, 4270 (1.1%) participants developed new-onset gout. Compared to participants with poor sleep patterns (0 ≤ healthy sleep score ≤ 1), those with healthy sleep patterns (4 ≤ healthy sleep score ≤ 5) had a significantly lower risk of new-onset gout (HR, 0.79; 95% CI: 0.70-0.91). Moreover, the significantly lower risk of new-onset gout associated with healthy sleep patterns were mainly found in those with low (HR, 0.68; 95%CI: 0.53-0.88), or intermediate genetic risks of gout (HR, 0.78; 95%CI: 0.62-0.99), but not in participants with high genetic risks of gout (HR, 0.95; 95%CI: 0.77-1.17) (P for interaction =0.043).

CONCLUSIONS: Among the general population, a healthy sleep pattern was associated with a significant lower of new-onset gout risk, especially in those with lower genetic risks of gout.

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Sleep patterns, genetic susceptibility, and risk of new-onset gout: The UK Biobank prospective cohort study

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