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The Core Circadian Clock Factor, Bmal1 , Transduces Sex-specific Differences in Both Rhythmic and Nonrhythmic Gene Expression in the Mouse Heart
The Core Body Clock Protein Bmal1 Carries Sex Differences in Both Rhythmic and Non-Rhythmic Gene Activity in the Mouse Heart
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Abstract
Female mice hearts expressed significantly more rhythmically expressed genes (REGs) than male hearts.
- The cardiac circadian transcriptome is highly sex-specific, despite common expression of core clock genes in both sexes.
- Temporal distribution of REGs differs between male and female mouse hearts.
- Knocking out the core factor Bmal1 in adult heart cells significantly reduced observed sex differences in circadian transcriptomes.
- Loss of Bmal1 led to about an 8-fold reduction in the number of differentially expressed genes between male and female hearts.
- Sex-specific changes were noted in several cardiac-specific transcription factors, including Gata4, Nkx2-5, and Tbx5.
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Key numbers
3277
Rhythmic Genes in Female Hearts
Total rhythmic genes (REGs) identified in female mouse hearts.
1435
Rhythmic Genes in Male Hearts
Total rhythmic genes (REGs) identified in male mouse hearts.
82%
Decrease in Differentially Expressed Genes
Percentage decrease in differentially expressed genes between sexes in iCSKO mice.