The Transplantation of ω3 PUFA–Altered Gut Microbiota of fat-1 Mice to Wild-Type Littermates Prevents Obesity and Associated Metabolic Disorders

May 26, 2018Diabetes

Transplanting Omega-3 Changed Gut Bacteria from fat-1 Mice to Normal Mice Prevents Obesity and Metabolic Problems

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Abstract

HFHS-fed fat-1 mice were protected against obesity, glucose intolerance, and hepatic steatosis.

Alterations in gut microbiota due to ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are linked to improved metabolic parameters.
Fat-1 mice maintained normal intestinal barrier function, resulting in lower levels of metabolic endotoxins compared to wild-type mice.
Greater phylogenetic diversity in the cecum was observed in fat-1 mice.
Fecal microbiota transplantation from fat-1 mice to wild-type mice reversed weight gain and normalized glucose tolerance and intestinal permeability.
The findings suggest that ω3 PUFA-mediated changes in gut microbiota may help prevent metabolic syndrome.

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Altering the gut microbiome may be beneficial to the host and recently arose as a promising strategy to manage obesity. Here, we investigated the relative contribution of ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-mediated alterations in the microbiota to metabolic parameter changes in mice. Four groups were compared: male fat-1 transgenic mice (with constitutive production of ω3 PUFAs) and male wild-type (WT) littermates fed an obesogenic (high fat/high sucrose [HFHS]) or a control diet. Unlike WT mice, HFHS-fed fat-1 mice were protected against obesity, glucose intolerance, and hepatic steatosis. Unlike WT mice, fat-1 mice maintained a normal barrier function, resulting in a significantly lower metabolic endotoxemia. The fat-1 mice displayed greater phylogenic diversity in the cecum, and fecal microbiota transplantation from fat-1 to WT mice was able to reverse weight gain and to normalize glucose tolerance and intestinal permeability. We concluded that the ω3 PUFA-mediated alteration of gut microbiota contributed to the prevention of metabolic syndrome in fat-1 mice. It occurred independently of changes in the PUFA content of host tissues and may represent a promising strategy to prevent metabolic disease and preserve a lean phenotype.

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The Transplantation of ω3 PUFA–Altered Gut Microbiota of fat-1 Mice to Wild-Type Littermates Prevents Obesity and Associated Metabolic Disorders

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