Fasting concentrations were higher after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) compared to sleeve gastrectomy (SG).
Postprandial (GIP) concentrations were lower after RYGB compared to SG.
An increase in postprandial glucagon was linked to a decrease in insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index) in the RYGB group.
Higher postprandial glucagon was associated with an increase in resting energy expenditure (REE) across all groups.
Increased fasting GIP correlated with a rise in insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).
Hormonal changes after RYGB may influence weight loss maintenance through effects on REE and insulin sensitivity.
Simplified
OBJECTIVE: This study compared the effects of a very low-energy diet (VLED), alone or combined with sleeve gastrectomy (SG) or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), on (GIP) and concentrations, hormones likely to play a role in weight loss maintenance.
METHODS: Participants with severe obesity underwent 10 weeks of VLED alone (n = 15) or combined with SG (n = 15) or RYGB (n = 14). Plasma concentrations of glucagon and GIP (fasting and the first 60 min of a meal), insulin sensitivity, respiratory quotient, and resting energy expenditure (REE) were measured at pre- and post-intervention. Differences in hormone concentrations between groups at follow-up and associations between hormones and metabolic outcomes were evaluated.
RESULTS: Fasting glucagon concentrations were higher, while postprandial GIP concentrations were lower, after RYGB compared to SG. An increase in postprandial glucagon was associated with a decrease in Matsuda index in the RYGB group and with an increase in REE in all groups. An increase in fasting GIP was correlated with an increase in HOMA-IR.
CONCLUSIONS: RYGB was associated with lower postprandial GIP and greater glucagon concentrations compared with other groups. These hormonal changes are likely to impact REE, as well as insulin sensitivity, potentially modulating the likelihood of weight loss maintenance.
