Association of vegetables and fruits consumption with sarcopenia in older adults: the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Mar 21, 2014Age and ageing

Link between eating fruits and vegetables and muscle loss in older adults in Korea

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Abstract

Men in the highest quintile of vegetable consumption had a 52% lower risk of sarcopenia (odds ratio = 0.48).

Increased frequency of vegetable and fruit consumption is associated with a significantly reduced risk of sarcopenia in older men.
Men consuming the most vegetables had an odds ratio of 0.48 for sarcopenia compared to those consuming the least.
High fruit consumption in men was associated with a lower risk of sarcopenia, with an odds ratio of 0.30.
Men who consumed both vegetables and fruits frequently showed an odds ratio of 0.32 for reduced risk of sarcopenia.
In women, high fruit consumption was linked to a lower risk of sarcopenia, with an odds ratio of 0.39.

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BACKGROUND: several studies have found nutrients, including antioxidants, to be associated with sarcopenia. However, whether specific foods, such as vegetables and fruits, are associated with sarcopenia has not been studied.

OBJECTIVE: to examine the association of the frequency of vegetables and fruits consumption with sarcopenia in older people.

METHODS: this study used cross-sectional data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2008-09. Subjects were community-dwelling 823 men and 1,089 women aged ≥65 years. Frequency of food group consumption was obtained by using the food frequency questionnaire. Body composition was measured with the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and sarcopenia was defined as appendicular lean mass adjusted for height and fat mass. Logistic regression was used to assess the association of the frequency of food group consumption with sarcopenia, controlling for sociodemographics and health-related variables.

RESULTS: dietary intake of vegetables, fruits and both vegetables and fruits was associated with a significantly reduced risk of sarcopenia after controlling for covariates in men (P = 0.026 for trend, P = 0.012 for trend, P = 0.003 for trend, respectively). Men in the highest quintile, compared with those in the lowest quintile, of vegetables [odds ratio (OR) = 0.48; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.24-0.95], fruits (OR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.13-0.70) and vegetables and fruits consumption (OR = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.16-0.67) demonstrated a lower risk of sarcopenia. In women, high consumption of fruits demonstrated a lower risk of sarcopenia (OR = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.18-0.83).

CONCLUSION: frequent vegetables and fruits consumption was inversely associated with sarcopenia in older adults.

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Association of vegetables and fruits consumption with sarcopenia in older adults: the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

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