Weight Loss and Maintenance Related to the Mechanism of Action of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists

May 12, 2021Advances in therapy

Weight Loss and Maintenance Linked to How Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists Work

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Abstract

Weight loss of 5-15% can improve many -related complications.

Pharmacotherapy may assist individuals with obesity in achieving and maintaining target weight loss.
Despite the availability of approved anti-obesity medications, access and treatment levels are low relative to obesity prevalence.
Factors contributing to low initiation and long-term use of anti-obesity medications include public health reluctance, reimbursement issues, provider inexperience, and misperceptions about treatment efficacy.
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) may effectively promote weight loss and long-term weight maintenance.
Liraglutide 3.0 mg has been approved for obesity management, while semaglutide 2.4 mg is undergoing phase III trials.

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is a chronic disease associated with many complications. Weight loss of 5-15% can improve many obesity-related complications. Despite the benefits of weight reduction, there are many challenges in losing weight and maintaining long-term weight loss. Pharmacotherapy can help people with obesity achieve and maintain their target weight loss, thereby reducing the risk of obesity-related complications. The prevalence of obesity in the USA has been increasing over the past few decades, and despite the availability of approved anti-obesity medications (AOMs), people with obesity may not be accessing or receiving treatment at levels consistent with the disease prevalence. Reasons for low levels of initiation and long-term use of AOMs may include reluctance of public health and medical organizations to recognize obesity as a disease, lack of reimbursement, provider inexperience, and misperceptions about the efficacy and safety of available treatments. This article aims to inform primary care providers about the mechanism of action of one class of AOMs, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), in weight loss and longer-term maintenance of weight loss, and the efficacy and safety of this treatment class. therapy was initially developed to treat type 2 diabetes. Owing to their effectiveness in reducing body weight, once-daily subcutaneous administration of liraglutide 3.0 mg has been approved, and once-weekly subcutaneous administration of semaglutide 2.4 mg is being investigated in phase III trials, for obesity management. Considerations regarding adverse effects and contraindications for different drug classes are provided to help guide treatment decision-making when considering pharmacotherapy for weight management in patients with obesity.

Key numbers

−8.4 kg

Mean Weight Reduction with Liraglutide

Weight loss after 56 weeks of treatment with liraglutide 3.0 mg vs. placebo.

14.9%

Mean Weight Loss with Semaglutide

Percentage change from baseline with semaglutide 2.4 mg vs. placebo.

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Weight Loss and Maintenance Related to the Mechanism of Action of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists

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