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Abstract
Biological aging involves the progressive erosion of cellular homeostasis influenced by multiple pathways.
- Aging-related processes include inflammation, immune system decline, mitochondrial issues, and genetic instability.
- These mechanisms are linked to diseases such as atherosclerosis, obesity, sarcopenia, neurodegenerative disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer.
- Factors like microbiome imbalances, sex differences, and exosome communication may affect disease progression.
- Advancements in technologies and AI-driven biomarkers, such as epigenetic clocks, can quantify biological aging and assess disease risk.
- Therapeutic approaches targeting shared aging mechanisms include senolytics, mitochondrial enhancers, and immunomodulators, aiming for holistic health interventions.
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