Antimicrobial and synergistic activity of essential oils of Aloysia triphylla and Lippia alba against Aeromonas spp.

Oct 18, 2017Microbial pathogenesis

Antimicrobial and combined effects of lemon verbena and bushy matgrass oils against Aeromonas bacteria

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Abstract

The main components of essential oils from Aloysia triphylla and Lippia alba include α-citral (39.91%), E-carveol (25.36%), and linalool (81.64%).

Essential oils of Aloysia triphylla (EOAT) and Lippia alba (EOLA) demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas spp., with minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) ranging from 195.3 to 3125.0 μL/mL.
Aeromonas spp. isolates were classified as non-producing, moderate, or weak biofilm producers, with 16 classified as weak producers.
EOAT and EOLA were effective in preventing the initial formation of biofilms in moderate to weak producers but did not affect consolidated biofilms.
Combining EOAT and EOLA with florfenicol resulted in a synergistic effect, leading to a reduction in the minimum dose of the antibiotic required.

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The objective of this study was to identify and quantify the chemical constituents, as well as the antimicrobial, antibiofilm and synergistic activity with florfenicol of essential oils of Aloysia triphylla (EOAT) and Lippia alba (EOLA) against Aeromonas spp. The antimicrobial activity of EOAT and EOLA was verified by the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and the action against biofilm forming and consolidated biofilm. The synergistic activity of EOAT and EOLA with florfenicol was performed by the checkerboard technique. The main components of EOAT were α-citral (39.91%), E-carveol (25.36%) and limonene (21.52%), while that of EOLA was linalool (81.64%). Aeromonas spp. isolates showed sensitivity to both essential oils with MBC between 195.3 and 3125.0 μL/mL. Two isolates were classified as non-producing, three as moderate and 16 as weak biofilm producers. The EOAT and EOLA interfered in the biofilm formation, from moderate to weak producers, but did not cause any interference in the consolidated biofilm. The EOAT and EOLA combined with florfenicol showed synergistic effect and reduced MBC. The EOAT and EOLA have potential for application as antimicrobial agents, as they interfere in the initial formation of biofilm and when combined with florfenicol, present a synergic effect with a reduction in the minimum dose of the antibiotic.

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Antimicrobial and synergistic activity of essential oils of Aloysia triphylla and Lippia alba against Aeromonas spp.

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