Association between microbiota-dependent metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide and type 2 diabetes

Medians of plasma TMAO concentration were 1.47 μmol/L for controls and 1.77 μmol/L for type 2 diabetes cases.

• Higher plasma TMAO concentrations were associated with increased odds of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.
• Odds ratios for type 2 diabetes increased from 1.00 in the lowest quartile of plasma TMAO to 2.55 in the highest quartile.
• Each standard deviation increase in ln-transformed plasma TMAO was associated with a 38% increase in the odds of type 2 diabetes.
• The FMO3 rs2266782 polymorphism did not show an association with type 2 diabetes.
• The association between plasma TMAO and type 2 diabetes was consistent across different FMO3 genotype groups.

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