Association of Achievement of the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 Goals With Incident Cardiovascular Diseases in the SHFS

Mar 8, 2024Journal of the American Heart Association

Meeting the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 Goals and New Heart Disease Risk in the Strong Heart Family Study

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Abstract

The incidence rate of cardiovascular disease (CVD) was 7.43 per 1000 person-years among participants after 20 years.

Achievement of Life's Essential 8 goals is linked to lower risk of incident CVD.
Participants with moderate cardiovascular health (CVH) had a 48% reduced risk of CVD compared to those with low CVH.
Participants with high CVH had a 75% reduced risk of CVD compared to those with low CVH.
Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, sex, education, and study site support these associations.

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BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in American Indian people. In 2022, the American Heart Association developed the Life's Essential 8 goals to promote cardiovascular health (CVH) for Americans, composed of diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep, body mass index, blood lipids, blood pressure, and blood glucose. We examined whether achievement of Life's Essential 8 goals was associated with incident CVD among SHFS (Strong Heart Family Study) participants.

METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 2139 SHFS participants without CVD at baseline were included in analyses. We created a composite CVH score based on achievement of Life's Essential 8 goals, excluding sleep. Scores of 0 to 49 represented low CVH, 50 to 69 represented moderate CVH, and 70 to 100 represented high CVH. Incident CVD was defined as incident myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, or stroke. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the relationship of CVH and incident CVD. The incidence rate of CVD at the 20-year follow-up was 7.43 per 1000 person-years. Compared with participants with low CVH, participants with moderate and high CVH had a lower risk of incident CVD; the hazard ratios and 95% CIs for incident CVD for moderate and high CVH were 0.52 (95% CI, 0.40-0.68) and 0.25 (95% CI, 0.14-0.44), respectively, after adjustment for age, sex, education, and study site.

CONCLUSIONS: Better CVH was associated with lower CVD risk which highlights the need for comprehensive public health interventions targeting CVH promotion to reduce CVD risk in American Indian communities.

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Association of Achievement of the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 Goals With Incident Cardiovascular Diseases in the SHFS

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