Impact of baseline characteristics on the efficacy of once‐weekly subcutaneous semaglutide among participants with type 2 diabetes : A post hoc analysis of SUSTAIN China

🥉 Top 5% JournalSep 16, 2024Diabetes, obesity & metabolism

How starting health factors affect the benefits of weekly semaglutide injections in people with type 2 diabetes in China

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Abstract

The proportion of participants achieving HbA1c <7% was not significantly affected by baseline HbA1c (p > 0.05).

Efficacy of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 0.5 and 1.0 mg was consistent across various baseline characteristics in participants with type 2 diabetes.
Participants treated with semaglutide experienced less fluctuation in self-monitored plasma glucose compared to those on sitagliptin.
Greater improvements in the HOMA-β ratio to baseline were observed with semaglutide 0.5 and 1.0 mg versus sitagliptin (p < 0.05).
The findings suggest that semaglutide may be effective regardless of initial patient characteristics.

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AIMS: To investigate the impact of baseline characteristics on the efficacy of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 0.5 and 1.0 mg in participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D) from the SUSTAIN China trial.

METHODS: In this post hoc analysis, data for semaglutide 0.5 and 1.0 mg versus sitagliptin 100 mg were analysed in the total (n = 868) and Chinese-only (n = 605) populations. Changes from baseline to end of treatment (EOT) in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and body weight were analysed by baseline age, sex, body mass index, HbA1c, diabetes duration, and homeostatic model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) tertile. Proportions of participants achieving HbA1c <7.0% (53 mmol/mol) by baseline HbA1c, change from baseline to EOT in standard deviation of seven-point self-monitored plasma glucose (SMPG), derived time-in-range (dTIR) of seven-point SMPG at Week 30, and HOMA-β ratio to baseline at Week 30 were assessed for both populations.

RESULTS: In both populations the efficacy of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 0.5 and 1.0 mg versus sitagliptin was not significantly affected by most of the baseline characteristics studied. The proportion of participants achieving the target HbA1c <7% was not affected by baseline HbA1c (p > 0.05). SMPG fluctuation and dTIR indicated less glucose variability in participants treated with semaglutide 0.5 and 1.0 mg versus sitagliptin, and the HOMA-β ratios to baseline at EOT were greater with semaglutide 0.5 and 1.0 mg versus sitagliptin (p < 0.05). interaction

CONCLUSIONS: These results support the effectiveness of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 0.5 and 1.0 mg across a broad range of baseline characteristics, in participants with T2D from SUSTAIN China.

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